Spine surgery in India at Low Cost

Spinal fusion is surgery to permanently connect two or more vertebrae in your spine, eliminating motion between them. Spinal fusion involves placing extra bone (bone graft) to fill the space between two spinal vertebrae. The bone graft material used in spinal fusion may be in a preformed shape, or it may be contained within a plastic, carbon fiber or metal cage. Currently scoliosis is defined as a lateral deviation of the normal vertical spine. But in fact, the curve is three-dimensional resulting in a complex deformity. 

                                                                           

Scoliosisis broadly classified into three major groups:

Congenital scoliosis - a structural anomaly in the vertebrae.

Neuromuscular - in which there is an imbalance of the function of the muscles leading on to structural deformity of spine.

Spinal deformities could result from a variety of causes and in a majority of adolescents, the exact cause is unknown (idiopathic). Other causes for a spinal deformity are vertebral anomalies that occur by birth or as a manifestation of some other disease (eg neurofibromatosis, polio, cerebral palsy and Marfans syndrome). In adults, spinal deformity can be due to degenerative conditions, previous spinal surgery or even childhood deformities that have persisted. Doctors classify scoliosis as congenital, neuromuscular and Idiopathic.

Congenital scoliosis- It results from embryological malformation of one or more vertebrae and may occur in any location of the spine. Because the abnormality is present from birth, it is detected at an early age.

Neuromuscular scoliosis- this is secondary to neurological or muscular diseases and includes scoliosis associated with cerebral palsy, spinal cord trauma, muscular dystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy, and spina bifida. This type of scoliosis generally progresses more rapidly often requires surgical treatment.

Idiopathic scoliosis- Scoliosis is considered idiopathic when the exact cause is not known. It comprises about 80% of all cases and is diagnosed during puberty.

Surgicaltreatment of scoliosis is employed if the cure at detection is of greater magnitude (> 40). The aim of surgical correction is to achieve a well-balanced spine in which the patient's head, shoulders and trunk are centered over the pelvis. This is done by using instrumentation to reduce the magnitude of the deformity and obtaining fusion in order to prevent future curve progression. The spine has normal curves if seen from the sides and is seen as a straight column from the front. But in certain conditions the spine shows curvatures from the front and it is called scoliosis. The abnormal forward bending of the spine is called kyphosis.